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Also known as: P21, P021
P21 (P021) is a small peptidergic compound derived from the active region of ciliary neurotrophic factor, studied for promoting neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. It is researched preclinically as a neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing agent.
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P21 is a tetrapeptide mimetic engineered from the biologically active site of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), modified with adamantylation to improve stability and blood-brain-barrier penetration. It enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling through the TrkB receptor, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and dendritic spine density. In animal models it also inhibits abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation and reduces neuroinflammatory and amyloid-related pathology.