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Also known as: B7-33
B7-33 is a single-chain peptide analog of the hormone relaxin-2, engineered to retain its anti-fibrotic and vasodilatory actions while resisting rapid breakdown. It is studied chiefly for reducing scar tissue (fibrosis) in heart, lung, and kidney models.
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B7-33 is a structurally simplified, single B-chain mimetic of human relaxin-2 that signals through the relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1). Unlike native relaxin, it biases signaling toward the ERK1/2 pathway rather than cAMP accumulation, which preserves anti-fibrotic effects while limiting tumorigenic cAMP-driven proliferation. Activation of RXFP1 increases matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression and reduces TGF-beta-driven collagen deposition by myofibroblasts. Downstream nitric oxide release contributes to its vasodilatory and tissue-protective profile.