GHK-Cu
Also known as: GHK-Cu, Copper Peptide, Copper Tripeptide-1
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) widely researched for skin regeneration, collagen synthesis, and wound healing. Common in topical cosmetics.
Last updated
Mechanism of Action
GHK-Cu is a tripeptide that binds copper(II) ions with high affinity and modulates the expression of numerous genes involved in tissue remodeling. It stimulates collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis by fibroblasts, promotes angiogenesis, and acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Declining GHK levels with age are associated with reduced regenerative capacity, which underlies its use in skin and wound research.
- Half-life
- Short (minutes) when injected; topical acts locally
- Administration Routes
- topical, subcutaneous
- Research Status
- Research Chemical
Reported Benefits
- Stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis
- Promotes wound healing and tissue remodeling
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity
- May improve skin firmness, elasticity, and fine lines
- Supports hair follicle health in research
- Angiogenic effects aid tissue repair
Potential Side Effects
- Topical use generally well tolerated; possible irritation or redness
- Injection-site reactions
- Theoretical copper accumulation with excessive use
- Limited human injectable safety data
Common Dosing
Topical cosmetic research uses ~0.05-2% formulations; injectable research references ~1-2 mg per administration. Educational ranges only.
The dosing information above is aggregated from research literature and anecdotal community reports for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation, prescription, or medical advice. Peptides are sold as research chemicals only and are not intended for human use.
Contraindications
- Wilson's disease or copper-metabolism disorders
- Known copper hypersensitivity
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding (injectable)
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GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration
2015
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The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: implications for cognitive health
2012
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Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells
1980
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Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+
1988
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In vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental wounds
1993